YEAST INFECTION

We all encounter yeast in our day to day life. Yeast is everywhere and man has found very many uses for it. But since it is an organism capable of virulence; control is lost and the yeast causes infection and makes man sick. It is therefore beneficial if we all first understand just exactly what we are dealing with here…

What is yeast?

Dutch naturalist Antoine van Leeuwenhoek in 1680 was the first to microscopically find the existence of these organisms but of course when he did find them he believed them to be non living. It was only 177 years later in 1857 that our greatest Louis Pasteur the French microbiologist who discovered the role of yeast in the production of alcohol.

“Yeast” is derived from the Old English gist, gyst, and also from the Indo-European root, it means to boil, foam, or bubble. One of the earliest domesticated organisms…..

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Hydronephrosis

This condition is the dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces with accompanying destruction of the kidney parenchyma. Partial obstruction to the outflow of urine is usually the cause. This condition maybe congenital or acquired.

It may be unilateral or bilateral. Unilateral is encountered when the lesion is somewhere in the ureter, above the level of the urinary bladder. Bilateral hydronephrosis is seen when the obstruction is below the level of the urinary bladder like in stricture of the urethra, BPH and neuromuscular dysfunction of the internal sphincter. Bilateral hydronephrosis can also present when there is bilateral ureteric obstruction.

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STATUS ASTHMATICUS

The post gives the general scheme of management of a patient coming into the emergency with status asthmaticus..the text gives only a general outline of the principles, the treatment modalities may be different in different parts of the world.the text is also meant to help medicos preparing for the board exam to write answers to the questions asked about the topic..

Introduction

Status Asthmatics(severe acute asthma)is the condition in which the attack of bronchial asthma is not relieved even on treatment with adrenaline and aminophylline.

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Parkinsonism-recent advances

RECENT DIAGNOSIS

• Clinicopathological studies that 25% of cases have different diagnosis.
• Special proteins like tau,alpha synnuclein play a major role.
• Immunohistochemistry:LEWY BODIES –hallmark of parkinsonism

TAU PROTEIN DEPOSITS

• Hereditary factors : 13 different loci have been associated.
• Oxidative stress,impairment in mitochondrial complex 1 are also responsible.

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MIGRAINE- AN OVERVIEW

Migraine – Definition

“Migraine is a familial disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of headache widely variable in intensity, frequency and duration. Attacks are commonly unilateral and are usually associated with anorexia, nausea and vomiting”

-World Federation of Neurology

Migraine Facts

•Migraine is one of the common causes of recurrent headaches……

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Peyronie’s disease

Peyronie’s disease results from a dense fibrous plaque that forms on the tunica albuginea, causing a curvature of the erect penis. Although the precise etiology of the fibrous plaque is unknown, it is believed that the plaque represents scar tissue resulting from microscopic tears of the tunica albuginea that form during intercourse. Very dense plaques may be appreciated on physical exam. However, in most patients, the flaccid penis is normal on examination and the penile curvature is only noted in the erect penis.

Read more about Peyronie’s disease posted under Urology at The Health Portal.

Abruptio Placentae

Definition- form of antepaturm haemorrhage where the bleeding occurs due to premature separation of normally situated placenta.

Varieties- Revealed ; Concealed; and Mixed

Revealed- following separation; blood insinuates downwards between the membranes and the decidua; ultimately the blood comes out through the cervical canal to be visible externally.

Concealed- blood collects behind the separated placenta or between the membranes and the decidua; its prevented from coming out of the cervix by the presenting part which presses on the lower segment
Mixed

1 in 150 deliveries; its is one of the significant causes of peri-natal and maternal mortality.

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Weight loss Pills- How do they work?

Weight loss pills are deemed as one of the most convenient and effortless way to loose weight. Day in and day out we are bombarded with TV ads, newspapers and health programs about some new miracle drug that will do wonders for our figure without any need to diet or exercise. The easy availability of these diet pills over the counter has boosted its sales and the market is booming with all sorts of remedies to reverse obesity process. Some of these pills are very effective in weight reduction and many successes have been recorded. But the market is flooded with many other counterfeit slimming pills and weight loss supplements that give us deceptive and false information. Beware of falling prey to these individuals or companies whose primary aim is to extort money from you. Henceforth it is imperative that we do some research and seek proper medical advice before trying them.

Read more about Weight loss Pills- How do they work? posted under General Advice and Current Worries at The Health portal.

Anti-Aging Skin Pampering Naturally

Anti-aging skin care oils can be made on your own simply by obtaining a carrier oil used to mix with other essentials oils. The end result of these oils is a lovely way to protect, nourish and pamper your skin. By using organic oils, you will know for sure you are smoothing something wonderful onto your skin. Many essential oils have natural anti-aging properties and can be used as a bath oil, massage oil, or skin conditioning treatment.

It is important to use a carrier oil because of the high concentration of aromatherapy oils which are too concentrated to be used directly on the surface of the skin. For sensitive skin, a carrier oil such as sunflower seed oil or apricot kernel can be used. For skin that is dry, chose a sesame seed oil, sweet almond oil, or an avocado carrier oil. Then, mix a couple drops of the essential oil with the bigger amount of the carrier oil.

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QUIT SMOKING- It’s never too late and it’s never too early!!

Do we all know what exactly is contained in cigarettes?
• Nicotine- this has addictive properties like cocaine etc only to a milder degree. People undergo withdrawal symptoms when they don’t smoke for a while and depend on the cigarette to feel “normal”.
• Tar and 4000 other harmful chemicals contained in each cigarette keep accumulating in the lungs and the blood vessels each time a person smokes only preparing the body for a lot of future turmoil.
• Carbon monoxide- is like the antidote to oxygen…. But wait a minute… oxygen is good for the body; it is essential and required so if oxygen is compared to “life” its antidote should be compared to….???

Read more about QUIT SMOKING- It’s never too late and it’s never too early!! posted under General Advice at The Health Portal.